What is intraoperative neuromonitoring?

Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is a medical technique used during certain surgical procedures to monitor the function of the nervous system in real-time. The goal of IONM is to reduce the risk of nerve damage during surgery, especially procedures that involve delicate or critical neural structures.

Risk reduction through real-time feedback. During surgery, electrodes are placed on the patient's body in areas that correspond to neural elements that are at risk of injury. These electrodes then record the electrical activity of the nerves, allowing the surgical team to monitor and assess their function throughout the procedure. The information obtained from the monitoring can help surgeons make real-time decisions to avoid potential damage to nerves, spinal cord, or other important neural structures.

IONM is commonly used in surgeries involving the brain, spine, and peripheral nerves. It can be particularly beneficial in procedures such as spinal surgeries, tumor resections, and certain orthopedic surgeries where preserving neural function is crucial.

The use of intraoperative neuromonitoring is a collaborative effort involving neurophysiologists, surgeons, and anesthesiologists to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients undergoing complex surgeries.

Real-time feedback.

IONM provides immediate feedback on the functional status of nerves and neural structures during surgery. This real-time information allows surgeons to make prompt decisions to avoid potential damage to nerves.

Enhanced surgical planning.

The information provided by IONM allows surgeons to plan and adjust their surgical strategy, allowing them to utilize advanced surgical procedures with confidence. This can be particularly crucial in surgeries involving areas with complex nerve anatomy.

Risk reduction.

By continuously monitoring neural function, IONM helps in identifying and preventing nerve damage early in the surgical process. This can reduce the risk of postoperative complications, such as paralysis or sensory deficits. This is especially important in surgeries where there is a high risk of neurological complications.

Minimized morbidity.

By minimizing the risk of nerve injury, IONM contributes to reduced postoperative complications and morbidity. Patients may experience better outcomes and a quicker recovery.